Histomonas meleagridis antibody and antigen (recombinant protein)

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Diagnostic anti-Histomonas meleagridis antibodies pairs and antigen for animal health (animal Chicken, Turkey, Pheasants, Quail, Partridge infectious disease Blackhead disease (histomoniasis)) testing in ELISA, colloidal gold-based Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), CLIA, TINIA and POCT

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Product information

Catalog No.	Description	US $ Price (per mg)
GMP-VT-P156-Ag01	Recombinant Histomonas meleagridis protein	$3090.00
GMP-VT-P156-Ab01	Anti-Histomonas meleagridis mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb)	$3090.00
GMP-VT-P156-Ab02	Anti-Histomonas meleagridis mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb)	$3090.00

Size： 1mg | 10mg | 100mg

Product Description

Cat No.	GMP-VT-P156-Ag01
Product Name	Recombinant Histomonas meleagridis protein
Pathogen	Histomonas meleagridis
Expression platform	E.coli
Isotypes	Recombinant Antigen
Bioactivity validation	Anti-Histomonas meleagridis antibodies binding, Immunogen in Sandwich Elisa, lateral-flow tests, and other immunoassays as control material in Histomonas meleagridis level test of animal Chicken, Turkey, Pheasants, Quail, Partridge infectious disease with Blackhead disease (histomoniasis).
Tag	His
Product description	Recombinant Histomonas meleagridis proteinwas expressed in E.coli - based prokaryotic cell expression system and is expressed with 6 HIS tag at the C-terminus.
Purity	Purity: ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
Application	Paired antibody immunoassay validation in Sandwich ELISA, ELISA, colloidal gold-based Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), CLIA, TINIA, POCT and other immunoassays.
Formulation	Lyophilized from GM's Protein Stability Buffer2 (PSB2,Confidential Ingredients) or PBS (pH7.4); For PSB2, reconstituted with 0.9% sodium chloride; For PBS, reconstituted with ddH2O.
Storage	Store at -20℃ to -80℃ under sterile conditions. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Cat No.	GMP-VT-P156-Ab01,GMP-VT-P156-Ab02
Pathogen	Histomonas meleagridis
Product Name	Anti-Histomonas meleagridis mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb)
Expression platform	CHO
Isotypes	Mouse IgG
Bioactivity validation	Recombinant Histomonas meleagridis antigen binding, ELISA validated as capture antibody and detection antibody. Pair recommendation with other anti-Histomonas meleagridis antibodies in Histomonas meleagridis level test of animal Chicken, Turkey, Pheasants, Quail, Partridge infectious disease with Blackhead disease (histomoniasis).
Product description	Anti-Histomonas meleagridis mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) is a mouse monoclonal antibody produced by CHO technology. The antibody is ELISA validated as capture antibody and detection antibody. Pair recommendation with other anti-Histomonas meleagridis antibodies./td>
Purity	Purity: ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
Application	Paired antibody immunoassay validation in Sandwich ELISA, ELISA, colloidal gold-based Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), CLIA, TINIA, POCT and other immunoassays.
Formulation	Lyophilized from GM's Protein Stability Buffer2 (PSB2,Confidential Ingredients) or PBS (pH7.4); For PSB2, reconstituted with 0.9% sodium chloride; For PBS, reconstituted with ddH2O.
Storage	Store at -20℃ to -80℃ under sterile conditions. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Reference

Validation Data

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Pathogen

Histomonas meleagridis is a protozoan parasite that infects poultry, particularly turkeys, chickens, and game birds. It is classified in the order Trichomonadida and family Histomonadidae. Histomoniasis, commonly known as blackhead disease, is the most significant disease caused by this pathogen. In turkeys, histomoniasis can lead to high mortality rates and is a major economic concern for the turkey industry. The disease is also a potential threat to free-range and backyard flocks.

Histomonas meleagridis has a simple structure, consisting of a single nucleus and a single anterior flagellum. Its genome is approximately 23 Mb in size and contains 7,938 protein-coding genes. Interestingly, its genome shows high sequence similarity to other trichomonad parasites, particularly in genes related to energy metabolism and cytoskeleton organization.

Histomonas meleagridis infection begins when an infected bird ingests cysts containing the parasite present in the soil or litter of the infected birds. Once ingested, the cysts dissolve, and the histomonads are released into the intestinal tract, where they move to the ceca and quickly multiply. Histomonas meleagridis causes inflammation of the cecum, leading to intestinal damage characterized by necrotic lesions and ulceration. The liver of the affected bird may also develop yellow or white spots. These lesions can cause severe damage to the digestive and respiratory systems, leading to death in severe cases.

The diagnosis of histomoniasis in birds is challenging, primarily because the lesions caused by Histomonas meleagridis infection are similar to those caused by other pathogens. However, several diagnostic methods have been developed to detect the presence of the parasite and confirm the diagnosis. The diagnostic methods include microscopy, serological tests, and nucleic acid-based methods such as PCR. These methods target specific genes or genetic regions, including the Histomonas meleagridis 18S ribosomal RNA gene and the Hsp70 gene. Additionally, antigen-capture ELISA can be used to detect Histomonas meleagridis in infected birds.

Treatment of histomoniasis is difficult, and the available drugs have several limitations. Nitarsone and Histostat are two common drugs used to treat blackhead disease in turkeys. However, these drugs are not approved for use in chickens due to safety concerns. Moreover, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Histomonas meleagridis has further complicated the treatment of histomoniasis.

Prevention of histomoniasis is critical and can be achieved through a combination of measures, including biosecurity, hygiene, and medication. Good management practices such as keeping the coop clean, providing clean water, and regular deworming can significantly reduce the risk of histomoniasis. Due to the severity of the disease, vaccination against Histomonas meleagridis has been widely advocated as an effective prevention strategy. Several commercial vaccines have been developed for turkeys, but there is currently no effective vaccine available for use in chickens.

In conclusion, Histomonas meleagridis is a significant pathogen in the poultry industry, causing severe economic losses and potential threats to public health. The available diagnostic methods, treatments, and prevention strategies are essential for mitigating the impact of histomoniasis and other related diseases. Ongoing research aimed at understanding the biology and virulence mechanisms of Histomonas meleagridis will contribute to better disease control measures and improved poultry production.

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