Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) antibody/antigen (BSA/OVA/KLH conjugated hapten)

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anti-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) antibody and Carrier-coupled antigen/immunogen (hapten-carrier conjugates)

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Product information

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Product Description

BSA-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM)

OVA-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM)

Anti-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) mouse monoclonal antibody

Anti-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) human monoclonal antibody

Reference

Validation Data

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Biomarker Information

Basic Orange (BO/CSD) is a member of the basic dye class, specifically belonging to the xanthene family. It is commonly utilized as a coloring agent in various industrial sectors, including textiles, paper production, and plastic manufacturing. The chemical structure of BO/CSD consists of a pyridine ring and an amino group (-NH2), with variations in the substituents attached to the pyridine ring influencing its properties and applications.

BO/CSD's widespread usage has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on the environment and human health. The dye can enter the environment through different pathways, such as wastewater discharges from industrial facilities, leaching from landfills where waste containing BO/CSD is disposed of, and accidental spills during transportation or handling. Once released into the environment, BO/CSD can contaminate water bodies and soil, leading to environmental pollution.

One of the concerns related to BO/CSD is its persistence in the environment. The dye exhibits resistance to degradation, meaning that it can persist for long periods, potentially resulting in long-term contamination. This persistence raises concerns about the cumulative effects of BO/CSD on ecosystems and the potential for bioaccumulation in organisms.

Studies have indicated that BO/CSD can have toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Fish, in particular, have been shown to be susceptible to the toxic effects of BO/CSD. Exposure to elevated concentrations of BO/CSD can lead to adverse effects on fish behavior, growth, reproduction, and even survival. Additionally, BO/CSD can have detrimental effects on algae, which play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems as primary producers.

The presence of BO/CSD in surface water can also disrupt the balance of the ecosystem by affecting the food chain. If aquatic organisms at lower trophic levels, such as algae, are adversely affected, it can have ripple effects on higher trophic levels, including fish and other aquatic organisms that rely on these primary producers for sustenance.

Apart from potential environmental effects, BO/CSD can also pose risks to human health. Prolonged or repeated exposure to BO/CSD has been associated with skin irritation and respiratory problems in some individuals. It is important to note that the risks to human health are generally associated with occupational exposure, where individuals have higher levels of contact with BO/CSD compared to the general population.

Furthermore, it is worth considering the potential toxicity of breakdown products or metabolites formed from the degradation of BO/CSD in the environment. In some cases, the breakdown products of dyes can be more toxic than the parent compound. Consequently, understanding the fate and behavior of BO/CSD and its breakdown products in the environment is essential for assessing the overall risks associated with the dye.

To mitigate the potential risks associated with BO/CSD, it is crucial to monitor its levels in the environment. Regular monitoring enables the identification of pollution sources and facilitates the development of effective management strategies to minimize inputs of BO/CSD into the environment. Analytical techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, spectrophotometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are commonly employed to detect and quantify BO/CSD concentrations in environmental samples.

By accurately assessing BO/CSD concentrations, regulatory agencies and environmental management authorities can evaluate the potential risks to human health and ecosystems. This information can inform decision-making processes and help implement appropriate measures to safeguard public health and preserve the integrity of ecosystems.

In conclusion, Basic Orange (BO/CSD) is a widely used industrial dye that raises concerns about its potential impact on the environment and human health. Ongoing monitoring of BO/CSD levels in environmental samples is crucial for identifying pollution sources, developing effective management strategies, and promoting sustainable practices. Utilizing analytical techniques aids in quantifying BO/CSD concentrations accurately, providing valuable information to regulatory agencies and environmental authorities for informed decision-making and ensuring the protection of both human health and ecosystems.

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