Immuno-Diagnostics Antibodies & Antigens for Veterinary Bone metabolism and osteoporosis Test

Bone remodeling as well as osteoporosis control are important in the management of animal’s health. Bone remodeling is the combined processes of bone formation, as well as bone resorption good for appropriate bone health. , osteoporosis is characterized by weakened and brittle bones that easily fracture; therefore, calls for nutrition and hormonal checks in the human body.


Product list of GeneMedi's 25-OH-VD3/2 products


Cat No. Product Description Product Type Products Information
GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab Anti-25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH- (VD3+VD2)) antibody antibody(Fc/mFc) Details
GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Hapten 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH- (VD3+VD2)) antigen chemicals-BSA/OVA Details
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD-3-Ab Anti-25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin 3 (25-OH-VD-3) antibody antibody(Fc/mFc) Details
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD-3-Ag 25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin 3 (25-OH-VD-3) antigen chemicals-BSA/OVA Details
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD-Ab Anti-25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin (25-OH-VD) antibody antibody(Fc/mFc) Details
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD-Ag 25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin (25-OH-VD) antigen chemicals-BSA/OVA Details
GMP-SMT-1-25-OH-VD3-Ab Anti-1,25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin 3 (1,25-OH-VD-3) antibody antibody(Fc/mFc) Details
GMP-SMT-1-25-OH-VD3-Ag 1,25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin 3 (1,25-OH-VD-3) antigen chemicals-BSA/OVA Details




Validation data

Bone remodeling as well as the prevention of osteoporosis are essential when it comes to addressing the animal’s health. Bone remodeling is the overall process of bone formation which also includes bone resorption that is good for the appropriate bone health. It affects the bones where they become weak and fragile and can easily fracture; thus, a request for the nutrients and hormones in the human body.

  • Figure 1: Total 25-OH-VD identification ability
  • Figure 2: Sample coincidence rate
  • Figure 3: Standard curve
  • Figure 4: Clinical comparative analysis
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Figure 1. Total 25-OH-VD recognition ability; As can be seen from the figure above, 25-OH-VD2 and 25-OH-VD3 exhibit good cross-reactivity.

Genemedi's 25-OH-VD sandwich antibodies (GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab01 and GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab02) were validated on the direct chemiluminescence platform. The total amount of 25-OH-VD in the sample may be successfully detected thanks to the good cross-reactivity of 25-OH-VD2 and 25-OH-VD3.

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Figure 2. Self-assessment clinical comparative analysis and Clinical comparative analysis of customer testing. The antibodies showed excellent agreement compared to mass spectrometry detection results, with an R2 as high as 0.9718 and a customer-validated R2 of 0.963. The sandwich approach greatly improves the accuracy of immunoassays.

The VD sandwich antibody(GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab01 and GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab02) made by Genemedi was validated using a direct chemiluminescence platform with the industry's gold standard LC-MS/MS as a control to increase the accuracy of the 25-OH-VD immunoassay. When compared to the mass spectrometry detection results, these antibodies exhibited excellent consistency, with an R2 of up to 0.9718 and a customer-verified R2 of 0.963. The sandwich approach greatly improved immunodetection accuracy.

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Figure 3. Standard curve. As can be seen from the figure above, Genemedi's 25-OH-VD sandwich antibody has a detection concentration range of 0.1 to 80ng/mL.

The detection concentration range for Genemedi's 25-OH-VD sandwich antibodies (GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab01 and GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab02) is 0.1 to 80ng/mL.

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Figure 4. Clinical comparative analysis.(GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab01 and GMP-SMT-25-OH-(VD3+VD2)-Ab02)

As can be seen from the figure above, Detection employing 25-OH-VD sandwich antibodies validated by an enzymatic chemiluminescence platform using an R2 of 0.9741, the data demonstrated strong consistency using mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).


What is Bone metabolism and osteoporosis for animals

In order to maintain the healthy and productive animals study of bone metabolism and osteoporosis is really fundamental. Bone remodeling is the ongoing process through which there is ongoing formation of new bone tissue and destruction of the existing one, which is essential for healthy bones. Osteoporosis in animals is something that minimizes bone density hence increases their bone frailness and consequent breakages. This condition has to be well managed and include the maintenance of a diet full of such nutrients as calcium and vitamin D which are very beneficial for bone health.

In this regard, people should take on a regular routine of physical exercise as this assist in building of strong bones and maintenance of a proper bone density. Another critical factor that influences bone remodeling is hormonal changes that imply the importance of proper regulation of hormones by a veterinarian. Through such primary goals, the pet owners and the veterinarians can be able to avoid osteoporosis and enhance on the skeletal health of dogs hence improving their quality of life and movements.

Detecting Diseases Through Bone metabolism and osteoporosis in Animals

Below is an example of a table that may contain ten biomarkers of a number of diseases, bone metabolism and osteoporosis inclusive. As shown in the following table, this work intends to explain how these biomarkers relate to certain diseases in the different animals, normal range of these biomarkers together with their significance once they are out of these ranges, the specimens/biofluids from which these biomarkers can be assessed, and whether it has any relation with the age aspect of those animals as well as the method that can be used to measure these biomarkers.

Biomarker Animals Normal Range Implications in Disease Specimens/Biofluids Age Considerations Measurement Method
Calcium Dogs, Cats 8.8-11.3 mg/dL High in osteoporosis, low in kidney disease Blood Varies with breed/age Colorimetric assay
Phosphate Dogs, Cats 2.5-6.0 mg/dL High in kidney disease, low in malabsorption Blood Younger animals higher Colorimetric assay
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Dogs, Cats 20-150 U/L High in liver disease, bone disease Blood Higher in young animals Enzymatic activity assay
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Dogs, Cats 10-65 pg/mL High in hyperparathyroidism, low in hypoparathyroidism Blood No specific consideration Immunoassay
Vitamin D Dogs, Cats 100-120 ng/mL Low in osteoporosis and rickets Blood Age-independent High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Osteocalcin Dogs, Cats 1-12 ng/mL High in bone growth or turnover, low in osteoporosis Blood, urine Higher in growing animals Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
Cortisol Dogs, Cats 1-2 µg/dL High in Cushing's disease, low in Addison’s disease Blood Varies with stress levels Immunoassay
C-reactive Protein (CRP) Dogs <10 mg/L High in inflammation, infections Blood Not age-dependent Immunoassay
Creatinine Dogs, Cats 0.5-1.6 mg/dL High in kidney disease, low may indicate reduced muscle mass Blood Lower in older animals Jaffe method
T4 (Thyroxine) Dogs, Cats 1.0-4.0 µg/dL High in hyperthyroidism, low in hypothyroidism Blood Decreases with age Immunoassay

This tabular presentation offers a systematic view of the creatinine values and disease conditions, however, it is essential to remember that normal ranges and disease significance may differ a great deal depending on the species, breed, age, and health of an animal’s used in this study. These biomarkers are employed by veterinary workers in combination with other clinical tools and methods to actualize the estimation and tracking of animal’s well-being.




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